Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Our explanations for how people behave are called:
a. | attitudes. | b. | individuations. | c. | variables. | d. | attributions. |
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2.
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When attempting to explain the behavior of others, people in Western cultures
tend to use ________ attributions more often than people from East Asian cultures.
a. | dispositional | b. | environmental | c. | external | d. | situational |
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3.
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While driving to work Juan got stuck behind a car going way below the speed
limit. If Juan commits the fundamental attribution error, how is he likely to explain the slow
driver's behavior?
a. | “That guy is the worst driver I've ever seen!” | b. | “That guy must
not be feeling well.” | c. | “That guy is probably looking for an
address.” | d. | “That guy must have something fragile in the
car.” |
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4.
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Which of the following factors determine whether our attitudes will affect our
actions?
a. | genetics, environment, brain anatomy | b. | outside influences, awareness of attitude,
relevance of attitude | c. | situational factors, cognitive dissonance,
deindividuation | d. | social factors, cultural factors, personal factors |
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5.
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The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to agree to a
later larger request is called:
a. | the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. | b. | the fundamental attribution
error. | c. | a self-fulfilling prophecy. | d. | social loafing. |
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6.
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The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when our thoughts are
inconsistent with our behaviors is called:
a. | cognitive dissonance. | b. | fundamental attribution
error. | c. | self-fulfilling prophecy. | d. | social loafing. |
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7.
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Adjusting our behavior to match a unanimous group standard is called:
a. | conformity. | b. | groupthink. | c. | obedience. | d. | social
facilitation. |
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8.
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In Milgram's obedience study, what was the approximate percentage of
participants who followed the orders to deliver the maximum level of shock?
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9.
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Billy is hanging out with a bunch of his junior high school friends who think it
is fun to jeer and make fun of girls as they walk by at the mall. Billy thinks about how his sisters
would feel if it happened to them and decides that he really doesn't feel good about the
activity. Sadly, Billy decides to join in with his friends anyway. This is an example of:
a. | conformity. | b. | obedience. | c. | social
facilitation. | d. | social loafing. |
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10.
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Performance improves when in the presence of others if:
a. | the task is easy. | b. | the task is new. | c. | the task is
difficult. | d. | the task has not yet been mastered. |
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11.
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When students work together on a group project and group members are not each
held specifically accountable for their contribution ________________ will occur.
a. | group polarization | b. | groupthink | c. | social
facilitation. | d. | social loafing. |
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12.
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Bad group decisions that occur when a desire for harmony overrides realistic
discussion within a group are caused by:
a. | group polarization. | b. | groupthink. | c. | social
facilitation. | d. | social loafing. |
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13.
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After an exciting football game in which the home team loses by one point, a
crowd of fans throws bottles and begins to tear up the field. This behavior is best understood in
terms of:
a. | deindividuation. | b. | group polarization | c. | groupthink. | d. | social
facilitation. |
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14.
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A self-fulfilling prophecy can occur when:
a. | a group's prevailing attitudes are enhanced through group
discussion. | b. | the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations causes negative
behavior. | c. | there is a lack of critical thinking due to a strong desire for social harmony within
a group. | d. | someone's belief leads him or her to act in ways that confirm their
belief. |
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